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¢ñ.Supply the missing topic sentence in the underlined part of each of the following paragraphs. 20%
1.___________. He is also my brother! We go to school together. We play soccer together. We live together. We even share a bedroom. We also share parents! I think that we are going to be longtime friends. We are certainly going to be longtime brothers.
2.These violent TV programs do not relax our tension. Instead, they disturb the peace of our mind and lead us to think that the world now is insecure and that we should learn to resort to violent means when we are in trouble. Worse still, such shows are still on the increase.___________ As peaceª²loving viewers, we demand to see healthy programs to enrich ourselves. We look forward to the day when TV programs are free of violence.
3.Like other skills, swimming requires courage, persistence and practice. ¡°Practice makes perfect.¡± Usually it takes two weeks to a month to learn swimming. When you can swim freely, you'll enjoy the voluptuous touch of water on your body. But don't forget the tips. Before you become a skilled swimmer, stay in the shallow water. Second, whenever and wherever you swim, be sure to be in the sight of people.___________.
4.___________. The first one is to lay down more roads. Its advantage is to relieve the traffic density and accelerate the flow of traffic. But its disadvantage is to take up too much land. The second one is to open up more bus lines. Its advantage is to decrease the number of bikes and cars. But its disadvantage is to bring inconveniences to some people who do not take a bus.
¢ò. Write an outline. (20%)
Read the following passage carefully and then write a ¡°sentence outline¡±or a ¡°topic outline¡± for it.
Words That Camouflage
People use words, of course, to express their thoughts and feelings. And as everyone knows, if one tries to write, choosing just the right word to express an idea can be difficult. Nevertheless, it is important to choose words carefully ,for words can suggest meanings not intended at all; words can also be used to deceive. In order to express ourselves accurately and to understand what other people express, we must be aware that words can camouflage attitudes; English is full of examples.
Experts at camouflage are those in advertising. Advertisers obviously want to emphasize the virtues of their products and detract from their faults. To do this, they use carefully chosen words designed to mislead the unwary customer. Carl P. Wrighter in his book I CAN SELL YOU ANYTHING has dubbed these expressions ¡°weasel words¡±, which the dictionary defines as words ¡°used in order to evade or retreat from a direct or forthright statement or position¡±. Let's say, for example, that the advertiser wants you to ª©thinkªª that using his product will require no work or trouble. He can not state that the product will be trouble free because there is usually no such guarantee; instead, he suggests it by using the expression ¡°virtually¡±, as in this product is ¡°virtually trouble free.¡± The careless listener will ignore the qualifier ¡°virtually¡± and imagine that the product is no trouble at all. Another misleading expression is ¡°up to¡±. During a sale a car dealer may advertise reductions of ¡°up to 25 percent¡±. Our inclination again is to ignore ¡°up to¡± and think that most of the reductions are 25 percent, but too often we find that only a few products are reduced this much. The other day I saw a sign on a shoe store advertising ¡°up to 40 percent off¡± for athletic shoes. Needing some walking shoes and wanting a good bargain, I went in, only to find that there were only a few shoes marked down by 40 percent. Most of the shoes weren't even on sale.¡­¡­