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developing academically but also Part C Directions: You will hear three pieces of recorded materials. Before listening to each one, you will have time to read the questions related to it. While listening, answer each question by choosing A, B, C or D. After listening, you will have time to check your answers. You will hear each piece once only. (10 points) Questions 11－13 are based on the following talk. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11－13. 11. According to the passage, the task of education is fairly complicated because A． the current public school system is too complicated to be understood. B． the public school system has no choice of what to teach. C．it is difficult to decide whether elementary science should be taught in public schools. D． the educators have to take care of both ordinary and gifted students. 12. The purpose of public education is to A． discover the most promising students B．produce scientific talents C．educate both producers and users of scientific services D．educate people to judge the work of experts 13. The best title for this passage might be A． Balance in Education B．Current Situation in Education C．Importance of Teaching Science and Technology D．Balance in Natural Sciences You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to questions 11－13. Questions 14－16 are based on the following talk.You now have 15 seconds to read questions 14－16. 14. The first great invention talked of in the passage is the A．camera B．wheel C．electric light D．radio 15. In the early 1800' s, people began to work in order to make A．explorations B．if e better C．discoveries D．a trip into space 16. By the 1960’s A．people knew everything about the world B．there was not much left to be explored on the earth C．only the moon was still unknown D．the world as a whole was known to man You now have 30 seconds to check your answers to questions 14－16. Questions 17－20 are based on the following talk. You now have 20 seconds to read questions 17－20 17. Sharing tasks and decisions in the home leads to A． masculine women B．effeminate (女子气的) men C．inequality D．further sharing 18. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and father is that A．the role of the father may become an inferior one B．the role of the mother may become an inferior one C．the children will grow up believing that life is a battle of the sexes D．sharing leads to constant arguing 19. The speaker states that bringing up children A．is mainly the mother’s job B．belongs to the duties of the father C．is the job of schools and society D．involves a partnership of equals 20. According to the speaker, the solution of family problems A．is best left in the hands of social workers B．is similar in all families C．can be reached by following fixed rules D．needs to be reached by ways unique to each family You now have 40 seconds to check your answers to questions 17—20. Section Ⅱ Vocabulary and Structure (10 points) Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 1 with a pencil. 21. A healthy life is frequently thought to be ________ with the open countryside and homegrown food. A) tied B) bound C) involved D) associated 22. In Britain today, women ________ 44% of the workforce, and nearly half the mothers with children are in paid work. A) stand for B) build up C) make up D) conform to 23. In many countries tobacco and medicine are government ________. A) control B) monopoly C)business D) belongings 24. Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first _________. A) intention B) attempt C) purpose D) desire 25. Young adults _________ older people are more likely to prefer pop songs. A) other than B) more than C) less than D) rather than 26. Students or teachers can participate in excursions to lovely beaches around the island at regular ____________. A) gaps B) rate C) length D) intervals 27. I used to smoke ________, but I gave it up three years ago. A) seriously B) heavily C) badly D) severely 28. Bank notes are not usually ________ into gold nowadays. A) inverted B) revertible C) convertible D) diverting. 29. In preparing scientific reports of laboratory experiments, a student should __________ his findings in logical order and clear language. A) furnish B) propose C) raise D) present 30. The board of the company has decided to ________ its operation to include all aspects of the clothing business. A) extend B) enlarge C) expand D) amplify 31. __________ the earth to be flat, many feared that Columbus would fall off the edge of he earth. A) Having believed B) Believing C) Believed D) Being believed 32. Sir Denis, who is 78, has made it known that much of his collection ___________ to the nation. A) has left B) is to leave C) leaves D) is to be left 33. __________ might be expected, the response to the question was very mixed. A) As B) That C) It D) What 34. The room is in a terrible mess; it __________ cleaned. A) can’t have been B) shouldn’t have been C) mustn’t have been D) wouldn’t have been 35. Melted iron is poured into the mixer much _____________tea is poured into a cup from a teapot. A) in the same way like B) in the same way C) in the same way which D) in the same way as 36. Finding a job in such a big company has always been ________ his wildest dreams. A) under B) over C) above D) beyond 37. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave________ something occurred which attracted my attention. A) unless B) until C) when D) while 38. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means ________ trouble. A) making B) to make C) to have made D) having made 39. I’ve already told you that I’m going to buy it, ____________. A) however much it costs B) however does it cost much C) how much does it cost D) no matter how it costs 40. They usually have less money at the end of the month than ______ at the beginning. A) which is B) they have C) which was D) it is Section Ⅲ Cloze (5 Points) Directions: For each numbered blank in the following passage, there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET 1. In future trade the key development to watch is the relationship between the industrialized and the developing nations. The Third World countries export their mineral 41 and tropical agricultural products, which bring them desired foreign exchange. Tourism has also been greatly responsible 42 the rapid development of some 43 nations. Many Third World nations with high unemployment and low wages have seen an emigration (移居) of workers to the developed nations. Western Europe has received millions of such workers from Mediterranean countries. The developing nations profit 44 these workers bring their savings and their acquired technical skills back home. Many developing nations benefit when western nations 45 manufacturing in their countries to take advantage of cheap labor. 46 economies mature, economic growth rates tend to level off (稳定). The rate of economic growth is leveling off today in western nations. This leveling off 47 leads to static non-growth markets. A point of saturation (饱和) 48 in technology and innovation have seemed to achieve the impossible, but then how much further can it go? Herman Kahn, in his book The Next 200 Years, says that a shift in priorities will have to occur for industrialized nations. 49 is the creation of money and jobs essential; 50 is rather the improvement of the quality of life that must be our concern.. 41. A) ranges B) scopes C) deposits D) products 42 .A) to B) for C) towards D) over 43. A) developed B) powerful C) industrialized D) developing 44. A) because B) before C) since D) when 45. A) establish B) decide C) predict D) mention 46. A) Since B) As C) Though D) Whereas 47. A) relatively B) eventually C) sometimes D) hardly 48. A) arrives B) reports C) sets D) comes 49. A) No longer B) No doubt C) Of course D) So far 50. A) it B) that C) there D) which Section Ⅳ Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and blacken the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET 1 with a pencil. Questions 51 to 54 are based on the following Passage: In a perfectly free and open market economy, the type of employer—government or private—should have little or no impact on the earning differentials between women and men. However if there is discrimination against one sex it is unlikely that the degree of discrimination by government and private employers will be the same. Differences in the degree of discrimination would result in earning differentials associated with the type of employer. Given the nature of government and private employers, it seems most likely that discrimination by private employers would be greater. Thus, one would expect that, if women are being discriminated against, government employment would have a positive effect on women’s earnings as compared with their earnings from private employment. The results of a study by Fuchs support this assumption. Fuchs’s results suggest that the earnings of women in an industry composed entirely of government employees would by 14.6 percent greater than the earnings of women in an industry composed exclusively of private employees, other things being equal. In addition, both Fuchs and Sanborn have suggested that the effect of discrimination by consumers on the earnings of self-employed women may be greater than the effect of either government or private employer discrimination on the earnings of women employees. To test this hypothesis (假设), Brown selected a large sample of White male and female workers from the 1970 Census and divided them into three categories: private employees, government employees, and self-employed. (Black workers were excluded from the sample to avoid picking up earnings differentials that were the result of racial bias.) Brown’s research design controlled for education, labor-force participation, mobility, motivation, and age in order to eliminate these factors as explanations of the study’s results. Brown’s results suggest that men and women are not treated the same by employers and consumers. For men, self-employment is the highest earnings category, with private employment next, and government lowest. For women, this order is reversed. One can infer from Brown’s results that consumers discriminate against self-employed women. In addition, selfemployed women may have more difficulty than men in getting good employees and may encounter discrimination from suppliers and from financial institutions. Brown’s results are clearly consistent with Fuch’s argument that discrimination by consumers has a greater impact on the earnings of women than does discrimination by either government or private employers, Also, the fact that women do better working for government than for private employers implies that private employers are biasing women. The results do not prove that government does not discriminate against women. They do, however, demonstrate that if government is discriminating against women, its prejudice is not having as much effect on women’s earnings as is prejudice in the private sector. 51. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true about prejudice against women by private mployers and by government employers? A) Both private employers and government employers discriminate with equal effects on women’s earnings. B) Both private employers and government employers discriminate, but the discrimination by private employers has a greater effect on women’s earnings. C) Both private employers and government employers discriminate, but the discriminations or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic management in which man becomes a small, well oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, and piped music, and by psychologists and "human-relations" experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not wholeheartedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-collar and the whitecollar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management. The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job; they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings. Those higher up on the social ladder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and again—by the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors, who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get along, etc.. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than one's fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness. Am I suggesting that we should return to the pre-industrial mode of production or to nineteenth century “free enterprise” capitalism? Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in which man and full development of his potentialities—those of love and of reason—are the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man. Questions: 66. Why man becomes “a well-oiled cog in the machinery”? 67. What is the real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees? 68. According to the author, what is "real happiness of life"? 69. How does the author solve the present social problems? 70. The author's attitude towards industrialism might best be summarized as one of Section Ⅴ Translation (10 Points) Directions: In this section there is a passage in English. Translate the five sentences underlined into Chinese and write your translation on the Answer Sheet 2. The mountain ape of Central Africa, largest and rarest of the apes and one of our closest relatives, is down to several hundred individuals. （71）If it ever goes extinct—and it easily could in the next 20 years—there will be reports around the world and cries of anguish about what could have been done. (72) We’re good at noting the disappearance of distinctive creatures, if we know about it, because we’ve had to do that so many times before. They become what Harvard biologist E.O. Wilson calls animal celebrities. (73) Because handsome animals attract attention and protection, they stand a better chance of surviving than their more rare, and much more numerous animals. But fame didn’t save the dusky seaside sparrow—one of the most recent well-documented extinctions of a vertebrate in the United States—and it may not save the giant panda, the Sumatran rhinoceros, the Chinese river dolphin, orthe leatherback turtle. In the past 20 years, thanks to the twin revolutions in computing and genetics, we know more than ever before about the marvelous genetic diversity and surprising kinship of species on Earth. (74) But just as biologists are beginning to consider the importance of bio-variety to the planet’s history and health, the species themselves are disappearing. In the United States alone, we’ve recently documented the loss of the Santa Barbara song sparrow, the blue pike of the Great Lakes, and Sampson’s pearly mussel, a freshwater bivalve mollusk native to the Wabash River in Illinois and IndianA. Other plants and animals have probably slipped away, unnoticed. Elsewhere, the tally amounts too. We’ve lost the strange gastric brooding frog of Australia, which incubated its young in its stomach and gave birth through its mouth. During the brooding period, the mother’s stomach stopped producing acids. (75) If scientists had learned how that acid production shut off, it might have helped them develop a new treatment for humans. Section Ⅵ Writing (15 Points) Directions: In this section, you are asked to write a composition entitled How to Solve the Housing Problem in Big Cities? Your composition should be about 120 words. You should write this composition on ANSWEE SHEET 2. Outline: 1. Big cities are now confronted with housing problem 2. Causes for this problem 3. The solutions to this problem |
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